Thank you for choosing CrossLink to supply your Web/FTP hosting needs! In this document, we'll explain how to access your account via FTP in order to place your documents and files on the CrossLink Web/FTP server.
To copy files from your computer to the Web server, use File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is the most common way to transfer computer files from one computer to another over the Internet. Which FTP program you use to connect to CrossLink's web server depends on what type of computer you are using and your personal preference. We'll present instructions for generic FTP, WS-FTP (Windows), and Fetch (Mac).
Windows: WS-FTP
Start up WS-FTP, and click the connect button. For "Host Name," type in www.crosslink.net.
(If you have a Corporate account, type in the name of your server instead.) Under "User ID" type in your user name,
and under "Password" type in the password to your web account. (This may be different from your main CrossLink password.)
Once logged in, you can upload files.
Files that you put in your www subdirectory are available via the web at
http://www.crosslink.net/~yourname/. If you have a Corporate account, they are also available at
http://www.yourserver.com/.
Files in your ftp directory are available via FTP at
ftp://ftp.crosslink.net/pub/users/first-letter/userid/ and via the Web at
http://www.crosslink.net/pub/users/first-letter/userid/ where "userid" is your user ID (such as "johndoe")
and "first-letter" is the first letter of your user ID (If your user ID is "johndoe" the first letter is "j".)
Figure 2. Text/Binary Toggle for WS-FTP
When you upload files, be sure you use the right transfer mode. Graphics, computer programs, compressed files and such must be uploaded in the "binary" mode while HTML, text, and imagemap files must be uploaded in "ascii" mode. The toggle switch for which mode you're using is in the lower right hand corner of the WS-FTP window
The Web Server is running a variant of Unix. This means you need to be aware that filenames are case sensitive.
So, index.html is not the same file as INDEX.HTML which is not the same file as
Index.HTML. If you're not sure what the practical consequences of that are, just use lower case and you
won't have any problems.
The Web Server knows about five different "default" files. The default file is the web page displayed when the URL
you type in has a directory but not a filename. For example, http://www.crosslink.net/~johndoe/ would cause
the server to display the default file in John's www directory while
http://www.crosslink.net/~johndoe/stuff.html would not. The default html files the server knows about are
index.html and index.htm. The default server side include files the server knows about are,
index-s.html, index-s.htm, and index.shtml. Server side include files are the
ones you can put hit counters in.
Apple Macintosh: Fetch
Figure 3. Open Connection window for Fetch
When you start up Fetch, you will be presented with the Open Connection window. Type in www.crosslink.net.
(If you have a Corporate account, type in the name of your server instead.) Under "User ID" type in your user name and
under "Password" type in the password to your web account. (This may be different from your main CrossLink password.)
Once logged in, you can upload files.
Files that you put in your www subdirectory are available via the web at
http://www.crosslink.net/~yourname/. If you have a Corporate account, they are also available at
http://www.yourserver.com/.
Files in your ftp directory are available via FTP at
ftp://ftp.crosslink.net/pub/users/first-letter/userid/ and via the Web at
http://www.crosslink.net/pub/users/first-letter/userid/ where "userid" is your user ID (such as "johndoe")
and "first-letter" is the first letter of your user ID (If your user ID is "johndoe" the first letter is "j".)
When you upload files, be sure you use the right transfer mode. Graphics must be uploaded in the "raw" mode, programs should be uploaded in "binhex" mode, and HTML, text, and imagemap files must be uploaded in "text" mode. When you select the file to upload you will be presented with these options.
Note: When you select "Text" format, Fetch will add the extension ".txt" to your filename. You should remove this before clicking OK.
Figure 4. Upload a "binary" file such as a GIF or JPEG
Figure 5. Upload a "text" file such as a HTML page or .map Imagemap file
The Web Server is running a variant of Unix. This means you need to be aware that filenames are case sensitive.
So, index.html is not the same file as INDEX.HTML which is not the same file as
Index.HTML. If you're not sure what the practical consequences of that are, just use lower case and you
won't have any problems.
The Web Server knows about five different "default" files. The default file is the web page displayed when the URL
you type in has a directory but not a filename. For example, http://www.crosslink.net/~johndoe/ would cause
the server to display the default file in John's www directory while
http://www.crosslink.net/~johndoe/stuff.html would not. The default html files the server knows about are
index.html and index.htm. The default server side include files the server knows about are,
index-s.html, index-s.htm, and index.shtml. Server side include files are the
ones you can put hit counters in.
Generic FTP (Unix, Windows, etc):
Generic FTP works like the other FTP programs except that you type in commands on the command line. Here's an example for connecting to the Web server:
> ftp www.crosslink.net
Connected to www.crosslink.net.
220 apollo FTP server (Version wu-2.4(1)
Fri Jan 5 11:30:54 EST 1996) ready.
Name (www.crosslink.net:johndoe): johndoe
331 Password required for johndoe.
Password:
230 User johndoe logged in.
Remote system type is UNIX.
Using binary mode to transfer files.
ftp>
Once logged in, you can upload files.
Files that you put your www subdirectory are available via the web at
http://www.crosslink.net/~yourname/. If you have a Corporate account, they are also available at
http://www.yourserver.com/.
Files in your ftp directory are available via FTP at
ftp://ftp.crosslink.net/pub/users/first-letter/userid/ and via the Web at
http://www.crosslink.net/pub/users/first-letter/userid/ where "userid" is your user ID (such as "johndoe")
and "first-letter" is the first letter of your user ID (If your user ID is "johndoe" the first letter is "j".)
When you upload files, be sure you use the right transfer mode. Graphics and programs must be uploaded in the "binary" mode while HTML, text, and imagemap files must be uploaded in "ascii" mode. Here's how to set those two modes:
ftp> binary 200 Type set to I. ftp> ascii 200 Type set to A. ftp>
You can get a directory listing with dir, download files with get, upload files with
put, and change directories with cd.
ftp> dir
200 PORT command successful.
150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
total 1130
lrwxrwxrwx 1 johndoe webuser 31 Jan 17 00:03 ftp ->
/apollo2/ftp/pub/users/j/johndoe
drwxr-xr-x 13 johndoe webuser 1024 Feb 4 11:56 www
226 Transfer complete.
ftp> cd www
250 CWD command successful.
ftp>
The Web Server is running a variant of Unix. This means you need to be aware that filenames are case sensitive.
So, index.html is not the same file as INDEX.HTML which is not the same file as
Index.HTML. If you're not sure what the practical consequences of that are, just use lower case and you
won't have any problems.
The Web Server knows about five different "default" files. The default file is the web page displayed when the URL
you type in has a directory but not a filename. For example, http://www.crosslink.net/~johndoe/ would cause
the server to display the default file in John's www directory while
http://www.crosslink.net/~johndoe/stuff.html would not. The default html files the server knows about are
index.html and index.htm. The default server side include files the server knows about are,
index-s.html, index-s.htm, and index.shtml. Server side include files are the
ones you can put hit counters in.
Corporate and Corporate deluxe customers may also log in to the server with "telnet" and use the Unix shell prompt. You will need to this to create and compile CGI programs. If you're not familiar with Unix, we recommend that you purchase a book on the subject; an introduction to the Unix operating system is beyond the scope of this document.
It is possible to use PERL CGI scripts without telneting to the server. You must set the first line of the perl file
to #!/usr/bin/perl, you must change the file permissions (via chmod) to 755 and
you must change the filename so that it ends with the extension .cgi. Your PERL CGI script will not work
at all unless you do all three of these things. If you have followed these instructions and still can't get your PERL
CGI script to work, please read about debugging your CGI programs.
www directory except directories that
include /cgi-bin or /icons somewhere in the path. The program's filename must end with
.cgi and the permissions must be set to 755 for the program to work. (see below).
755) represents a user class. The first digit is your permissions
for accessing the file (or the file's owner if the file is not yours). The second digit is your group's permission to
access the file (other web users but not the server program). The final digit is everyone else's permission to access
the file. To calculate the value of the digit, start with 0 and add 1 if you want the program to be executable, 2 if
you want the program to be writable (as opposed to read-only) and 4 if you want the program to be readable. So,
755 (the value your CGI program should be) means: Read, write, and execute by you, read and execute by
other web users (not the server), and read and execute by any users (the web server).
.cgi and must be both readable and executable. They do not
need to be in any special directory in order to work, however please be aware that the directories /cgi-bin
and /icons are redirected to the public icons and cgi-bin directories, so if you
try to put files there, it won't work.
The way to do set the file permissions varies depending on the type of FTP client you're using:
Windows: WS-FTP
To use the CHMOD command with WS-FTP, click on the file listing window with the right-hand mouse button.
This will bring up the FTP Menu. Select "FTP Commands" and then "SITE". Finally, type in the command chmod 755 program.cgi
where "program.cgi" is whatever program you want to change the permissions on.
Newer versions of WS-FTP also have a chmod command on the menu bar that you access with the right-hand
mouse button. This command will work as well.
Apple Macintosh: FetchTo use the CHMOD command with Fetch, look under the "Remote" menu and select "Send FTP Command" down at
the bottom. This will bring up a dialog box where you can type in the command. Type in site chmod 755 program.cgi
where "program.cgi" is whatever program you want to change the permissions on.
Figure 7. CHMOD via Fetch
There are several ways of using the CHMOD command with a general ftp client. Each FTP client may use
slightly different commands, however, so you may need to check the documentation for the one you are using. Normally, you
would use chmod 755 program.cgi where "program.cgi" is whatever program you want to change the permissions
on. Sometimes you need to use site chmod 755 program.cgi or literal site chmod 755 program.cgi
instead.
ftp> chmod 755 program.cgi 200 CHMOD command successful. ftp> site chmod 755 program.cgi 200 CHMOD command successful. ftp> literal site chmod 755 program.cgi 200 CHMOD command successful. ftp>
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